What is the biological reason why the color appears excessively dark and artificial immediately after permanent makeup application?

On the day of the procedure, the pigments penetrate heavily into the epidermis, the uppermost layer of the skin, while open pores still exist on the skin’s surface. Because the dye comes into contact with oxygen in the air, it oxidizes, appearing much darker than normal. Additionally, due to micro-injuries during the procedure, a slight accumulation of lymphatic fluid occurs in the area. This fluid dries, forming a thin, dark crust over the dye. Four to seven days later, as the epidermis regenerates and sheds these dead, dyed crusts, the much softer, more natural pigment tone, approximately 40-60% lighter, is revealed beneath the dermis layer.