What is the difference in hygiene between the “Cartridge System” and the “Open Needle System” in permanent makeup pen needles?

In older open needle systems, the needle is attached directly to the motor shaft and draws the dye from the tube. These systems carry a risk of fluids (blood, lymph, dye) backflowing into the motor part of the device, creating a risk of cross-contamination and infection for the next patient. In modern cartridge needle systems, the needle is enclosed in a sealed cartridge housing with a special silicone membrane behind it. This membrane absolutely prevents fluids from entering the motor. Cartridge needles are single-use and sterile; they are discarded after use, ensuring 100% sterilization safety.